WILLE UND LEIB. SCHOPENHAUER UND NIETZSCHE IN DER DISKUSSION. (French)

The first half of the twentieth century saw a turn in phenomenological philosophy towards the concept of the "body". Maurice Merleau-Ponty is probably the most influent agent of this kind of philosophy. But the roots of these ideas lie in the 19. century: Schopenhauer used the concept (in the rather complex understanding of the german word Leib, which is significantly different from the simple meaning of Körper) primary as a methodological concept between the world as will and the world as representation. Nietzsche adopted the methodological primacy of the body, but he interpreted it in a rather different way. This paper shows how Schopenhauer interpreted the body in his philosophical system. Then it argues, that Nietzsche adopted this view until he developed his own theory of language and truth, starting with the Basler Vorlesungen in 1873/74. Hence, the schopenhauerian metaphysics are no longer sound for Nietzsche - but he does not reject the whole concept of body and will. He rather interprets the will in a completely different way and maintains the body as an methodological primacy. Then the paper discusses the association of the concept of body with the will to power in Nietzsches writings. The paper reasons that the concept of body is an important methodological proposition, which is immanent in the whole work of Nietzsche, and must be clearly understood for an proper appreciation of Nietzsche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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